???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????
???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????, ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????. ??????? ?? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?????.

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?????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??? 371 ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?188.44 ????? ?? ??? ???

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????? ??? ???? ?? ?10 ??? ??? ??? ??? ??? 119 ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?48.3 ????? ?? ??? ???

????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????
? q (W / m2) ????? ???? ??? ???? ???, ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??, ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???, ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??. ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????.
q=a×(TW-TF)
q ???? ???? / ???? ??? ????? ????, (W / m2) ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???? a=9.42+0.05 × (TW-TF) W / (m2-K); TW ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????; TF ????? ???? ??????.

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??????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?
???? ??? ???? ????: ??? ??????? ??????? ????, ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????, ???. ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????. ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? conductivity ??? ????, ?? ??? ??? conduction ?? convection ????? ??? ????? ????, ???? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????, ???? ??? ?????, ??? ??? ?????, ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????.
???? ???? ??? ???? ????: ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ????, ???? ????? ???? ????? ????, ???., ???? ???. ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????. ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????, ????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????, ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??????.
???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???????- ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????, ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ???? ??????, ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??? ???????.